Peer-reviewed
Packing 16, 17 or 18 circles in an equilateral triangle
We present new, efficient packings for 16, 17 and 18 congruent circles in an equilateral triangle. The results have been found by the use of simulated annealing and a quasi-Newton optimization technique, supplemented with some human intelligence
Article
Discrete Mathematics, 145, 1995, 333